|
Elam
|
2500bce |
539bce |
Iraq, Iran (2500bce-539bce) |
|
Akkadian Empire
|
2350bce |
2150bce |
Iraq (2350bce-2150bce), Kuwait, Saudi Arabia (2271bce-2150bce), Turkey, Iran, Syria, Jordan (2248bce-2150bce) |
|
Neo-Sumerian (Ur III) Empire
|
2112bce |
2004bce |
Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran (2112bce-2004bce) |
|
Hittite Empire
|
1600bce |
1178bce |
Syria, Lebanon, Turkey (1600bce-1178bce) |
|
Egyptian Empire
|
1552bce |
1069bce |
Syria, Israel, Palestine, Egypt, Libya, Lebanon, Sudan, Jordan (1552bce-1069bce) |
|
Mittani Empire
|
1475bce |
1275bce |
Iraq, Turkey, Syria (1475bce-1275bce) |
|
Middle Assyrian Empire
|
1350bce |
1200bce |
Turkey, Syria, Iraq (1350bce-1200bce) |
|
NeoAssyrian Empire
|
911bce |
609bce |
Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran (911bce-609bce), Lebanon (737bce-609bce), Armenia, Israel (712bce-609bce), Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, Cyprus, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait (671bce-609bce) |
|
Kingdom of Kush
|
890bce |
350bce |
Sudan, Egypt (890bce-350bce) |
|
Urartu Kingdom
|
860bce |
590bce |
Turkey, Iran, Armenia (860bce-590bce) |
|
Macedonian Empire
|
808bce |
148bce |
Greece, North Macedonia, Bulgaria (808bce-148bce), Albania (336bce-148bce), Romania, Turkey, Moldova (334bce-200bce), Cyprus (333bce-316bce), Syria, Kuwait, Egypt, Israel, Iraq (331bce-200bce), Lebanon (331bce-301bce), Iran (331bce-312bce), Turkmenistan, Afghanistan (330bce-200bce), Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan (327bce-200bce), India (327bce-323bce) |
|
Roman Empire
|
800bce |
395ce |
Italy (800bce-395ce), Monaco (237bce-395ce), Malta (218bce-395ce), Spain (209bce-395ce), Portugal (206bce-395ce), Albania (146bce-395ce), Greece, Turkey, Tunisia, San Marino (133bce-395ce), North Macedonia, Lebanon (64bce-395ce), Israel (63bce-395ce), Gibraltar, Jordan, France, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Moldova, Germany, Netherlands, Libya, Cyprus, Romania, Morocco (44bce-395ce), Egypt (30bce-395ce), Palestine, Croatia, Syria (27bce-395ce), Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Andorra, Austria (14bce-395ce), Hungary (9bce-395ce), Algeria, Bulgaria, Belgium (14ce-395ce), Liechtenstein (15ce-395ce), Azerbaijan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Armenia, Georgia, Russia (100ce-395ce), Kuwait, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Iran (115ce-395ce) |
|
Median Empire
|
678bce |
550bce |
Armenia, Turkey, Iraq, Iran (678bce-550bce), Azerbaijan (648bce-550bce) |
|
NeoBabylonian Empire
|
626bce |
539bce |
Iraq (626bce-539bce), Iran, Kuwait (614bce-539bce), Turkey, Syria, Israel (612bce-539bce), Lebanon (605bce-539bce), Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, Cyprus (599bce-539bce) |
|
Carthaginian Empire
|
550bce |
201bce |
Tunisia (650bce-146bce), Algeria, Libya, Gibraltar (650bce-201bce), Spain (650bce-206bce), France, Malta, Italy (650bce-218bce) |
|
Pandyan Empire
|
550bce |
1550ce |
Sri Lanka, India (550bce-1550ce) |
|
Achaemenid Empire
|
550bce |
330bce |
Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Armenia, Georgia (550bce-331bce), Cyprus (545bce-333bce), Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Pakistan (539bce-331bce), Israel (539bce-332bce), Oman (530bce-330bce), Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Palestine, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan (530bce-331bce), Libya (525bce-331bce), Egypt (525bce-404bce), India (518bce-330bce), Ukraine, Russia, Moldova (513bce-331bce), North Macedonia (512bce-330bce), Bulgaria, Greece (512bce-479bce), Romania (410bce-331bce) |
|
Delian League
|
478bce |
404bce |
Turkey, Greece (478bce-404bce) |
|
Nanda Empire
|
344bce |
324bce |
Nepal, Bangladesh, India (344bce-324bce) |
|
Armenian Empire
|
331bce |
428ce |
Armenia (331bce-428ce), Azerbaijan, Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Iran, Georgia (300bce-428ce), Lebanon, Israel, Palestine (95bce-428ce) |
|
Mauryan Empire
|
326bce |
184bce |
India, Nepal (326bce-184bce), Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Bangladesh (305bce-184bce) |
|
Seleucid Empire
|
312bce |
64bce |
Syria, Turkey (312bce-64bce), Iraq, Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia (312bce-141bce), Greece (312bce-190bce), Iran (312bce-247bce), Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan (312bce-256bce), Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan (312bce-275bce), Pakistan (307bce-141bce), India (307bce-256bce), Israel (301bce-110bce), Jordan (301bce-141bce), Lebanon (198bce-64bce), Cyprus (170bce-168bce) |
|
Ptolemaic Empire
|
305bce |
30bce |
Libya, Egypt (305bce-30bce), Israel (301bce-30bce), Lebanon (301bce-198bce), Cyprus (294bce-58bce), Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Palestine (275bce-133bce) |
|
Pontic Empire
|
302bce |
62ce |
Turkey (302bce-62ce), Greece, Ukraine, Georgia, Bulgaria, Russia, Romania (129bce-62ce) |
|
Parthian Empire
|
247bce |
224ce |
Iran (247bce-224ce), Turkmenistan (235bce-224ce), Pakistan, Georgia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Qatar, Syria, Saudi Arabia (141bce-224ce), Israel (40bce-37bce), Armenia, Afghanistan (63ce-224ce), Iraq (141ce-224ce) |
|
Hsuing-nu Empire
|
209bce |
51bce |
Tajikistan, Russia, Mongolia, China (209bce-51bce) |
|
Han Dynasty
|
206bce |
220ce |
Mongolia, North Korea, China, South Korea, Vietnam (206bce-220ce) |
|
Shunga Empire
|
185bce |
75bce |
Nepal, Bangladesh, India (185bce-75bce) |
|
Nabataean Kingdom
|
168bce |
106ce |
Egypt, Syria, Palestine, Jordan, Israel, Saudi Arabia (168bce-106ce) |
|
Silla Kingdom
|
57bce |
935ce |
North Korea, South Korea (57bce-935ce) |
|
Goguryeo
|
37bce |
668ce |
China, Russia, North Korea (37bce-668ce), South Korea (391ce-668ce) |
|
Kingdom of Funan
|
1ce |
500ce |
Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand (1ce-500ce) |
|
Kushan Empire
|
30ce |
375ce |
Tajikistan, China, Pakistan, Iran, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan (30ce-375ce), India (130ce-375ce) |
|
Aksumite Empire
|
100ce |
960ce |
Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Sudan (100ce-960ce), Yemen (100ce-480ce), Somalia (230ce-960ce) |
|
Eastern Wu
|
220ce |
280ce |
Vietnam, China (220ce-280ce) |
|
Wei Empire
|
220ce |
265ce |
China, North Korea (220ce-265ce) |
|
Qin Dynasty
|
221ce |
206ce |
Vietnam, China (221bce-206bce) |
|
Sassanid Dynasty
|
224ce |
651ce |
Uzbekistan, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan (224ce-651ce), Azerbaijan, Iraq, Armenia, Georgia (224ce-643ce), Syria, Turkey (224ce-639ce), Kazakhstan, India (480ce-651ce), Russia (480ce-643ce), Kuwait (480ce-639ce), Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman (531ce-639ce), Tajikistan (570ce-651ce), Yemen (570ce-628ce), Israel (614ce-628ce), Qatar (621ce-639ce), Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, Egypt, Libya (621ce-628ce) |
|
Gallic Empire
|
260ce |
274ce |
France, Netherlands, Portugal, Belgium, Spain, Switzerland, Germany, Luxembourg (260ce-274ce) |
|
Jin Dynasty 265--420
|
265ce |
420ce |
China, Vietnam, Mongolia (265ce-420ce) |
|
Palmyrene Empire
|
270ce |
273ce |
Palestine, Egypt, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Turkey, Israel, Syria, Iraq (270ce-273ce) |
|
Gupta Empire
|
319ce |
550ce |
Bangladesh, India, Nepal (319ce-550ce), Pakistan (375ce-550ce) |
|
Rouran Khaganate
|
330ce |
552ce |
Mongolia, China, Russia, Kazakhstan (330ce-552ce) |
|
Hephthalite Empire
|
350ce |
670ce |
Afghanistan (350ce-670ce), Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Uzbekistan (408ce-670ce), China (460ce-670ce), India (467ce-670ce) |
|
Hunnic Empire
|
370ce |
469ce |
Romania, Moldova (370ce-550ce), Kazakhstan, Russia (370ce-469ce), Hungary (375ce-454ce), Ukraine (376ce-550ce), Belarus (376ce-469ce), Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic (408ce-469ce), Austria (408ce-454ce), Poland (420ce-469ce), Germany (420ce-454ce) |
|
Byzantine Empire
|
395ce |
1453ce |
Turkey (395ce-1453ce), Greece (395ce-1350ce), Albania (395ce-1203ce), Cyprus (395ce-1191ce), Bulgaria (395ce-1185ce), North Macedonia (395ce-650ce), Egypt (395ce-641ce), Israel (395ce-637ce), Syria, Libya, Lebanon (476ce-650ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina (535ce-1183ce), Malta (535ce-870ce), Croatia (535ce-810ce), Slovenia (540ce-1204ce), Italy (540ce-1018ce), Algeria, Tunisia (540ce-717ce), Morocco, France, Portugal (540ce-650ce), Spain (552ce-624ce), Monaco (553ce-568ce), Armenia (635ce-697ce) |
|
Western Roman Empire
|
395ce |
476ce |
United Kingdom, Liechtenstein, Gibraltar, Croatia, Netherlands, France, Switzerland, Spain, Germany, Andorra, Tunisia, Slovenia, San Marino, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Malta, Portugal, Italy, Monaco, Libya, Austria, Belgium, Morocco, Hungary, Luxembourg (395ce-476ce) |
|
Visigothic Kingdom
|
410ce |
711ce |
Spain, France, Portugal (410ce-711ce) |
|
Vandal Kingdom
|
425ce |
533ce |
Libya, Tunisia, Algeria (425ce-533ce), Italy, France (455ce-533ce) |
|
Frankish Empire
|
481ce |
843ce |
Belgium, France, Luxembourg, Netherlands (481ce-843ce), Switzerland (531ce-843ce), Liechtenstein (537ce-843ce), Monaco (760ce-843ce), Austria, Spain, Italy, Germany (768ce-843ce), Andorra (803ce-843ce) |
|
Ghana Empire
|
500ce |
1150ce |
Mauritania, Mali (500ce-1150ce) |
|
Liang Dynasty
|
502ce |
557ce |
Vietnam, China (502ce-557ce) |
|
Göktürk Khaganate
|
552ce |
744ce |
Mongolia, Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan (552ce-744ce) |
|
Avar Khaganate
|
568ce |
796ce |
Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Croatia, Slovenia, Austria, Slovak Republic, Ukraine, Poland (568ce-796ce) |
|
Sui Dynasty
|
581ce |
618ce |
China, Vietnam (581ce-618ce) |
|
Tang Dynasty
|
618ce |
907ce |
Mongolia, Russia, North Korea, Pakistan, China, Kazakhstan, Hong Kong, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Vietnam, Tajikistan (618ce-907ce) |
|
Tibetan Empire
|
618ce |
842ce |
Afghanistan, India, Bhutan, Tajikistan, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, China (618ce-842ce) |
|
Rashidun Caliphate
|
632ce |
661ce |
United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Bahrain (632ce-661ce), Iraq, Jordan (634ce-661ce), Syria, Turkey (639ce-661ce), Armenia, Iran (643ce-661ce), Israel, Tunisia, Azerbaijan, Libya, Uzbekistan, Russia, Yemen, Lebanon, Qatar, Palestine, Sudan, Turkmenistan, Cyprus, Georgia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Italy, Egypt (650ce-661ce) |
|
Srivijaya Empire
|
650ce |
1377ce |
Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia (650ce-1377ce) |
|
Khazar Khaganate
|
650ce |
969ce |
Ukraine, Russia (650ce-969ce), Kazakhstan (850ce-969ce) |
|
Umayyad Caliphate
|
661ce |
750ce |
Libya, Bahrain, Afghanistan, Israel, Syria, Yemen, Egypt, Lebanon, Uzbekistan, Gibraltar, Iraq, Qatar, Russia, Somalia, Azerbaijan, Mauritania, Kuwait, Turkey, Iran, Cyprus, Pakistan, Eritrea, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Western Sahara, Greece, Chad, Oman, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Georgia, Niger (661ce-750ce), Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria (683ce-750ce), Andorra, France, Spain, Portugal (711ce-750ce), Kazakhstan, Tajikistan (713ce-750ce) |
|
First Bulgarian Empire
|
681ce |
1018ce |
Ukraine, Bulgaria, Turkey, Romania, Moldova (681ce-1018ce), Croatia, Hungary (836ce-1018ce), Greece, North Macedonia (889ce-1018ce) |
|
Republic of Venice
|
697ce |
1797ce |
Slovenia, Italy, Croatia (697ce-1797ce), Montenegro (1420ce-1797ce), Albania, Greece (1489ce-1797ce), Cyprus (1489ce-1570ce) |
|
Balhae
|
698ce |
926ce |
Russia, North Korea, China (698ce-926ce) |
|
Kanem Empire
|
700ce |
1387ce |
Niger, Cameroon, Libya, Chad, Nigeria (700ce-1387ce) |
|
Vikings
|
700ce |
1263ce |
Norway, Sweden, Denmark (700ce-1066ce), Iceland (825ce-1100ce), Ireland (840ce-1171ce), Poland, Germany, Estonia, Latvia, Moldova, Lithuania (850ce-1000ce), Russia, Belgium (859ce-1000ce), United Kingdom (865ce-1263ce), Ukraine (880ce-1000ce), France (911ce-1100ce) |
|
Uyghur Khaganate
|
744ce |
840ce |
China, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan (744ce-840ce) |
|
Abbasid Empire
|
750ce |
1258ce |
Azerbaijan, Lebanon, Yemen, Iraq, Russia, Turkey, Qatar, Armenia, Kuwait, Eritrea, Iran, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Italy, United Arab Emirates, Kazakhstan, Saudi Arabia, Georgia, Oman, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Afghanistan, Jordan, Bahrain, Libya, Algeria, Israel, Syria, Uzbekistan (750ce-1258ce), Egypt (750ce-909ce) |
|
Pala Empire
|
750ce |
1150ce |
Bangladesh, India (750ce-1150ce) |
|
Holy Roman Empire
|
800ce |
1806ce |
Netherlands, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Austria, Belgium, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Germany (800ce-1806ce), Switzerland (800ce-1649ce), Croatia (800ce-963ce), Italy (962ce-1806ce), Monaco (1032ce-1220ce), France (1033ce-1806ce), Cyprus (1197ce-1247ce), Poland (1500ce-1806ce) |
|
Khmer Empire
|
802ce |
1431ce |
Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia (802ce-1431ce) |
|
Samanid Dynasty
|
819ce |
999ce |
Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkmenistan (819ce-999ce) |
|
Tahirid Dynasty
|
821ce |
873ce |
Pakistan, India, Iraq, Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, China (821ce-873ce) |
|
Great Moravian Empire
|
833ce |
906ce |
Slovak Republic, Czech Republic (833ce-906ce), Poland, Hungary (877ce-894ce) |
|
Chola Dynasty
|
850ce |
1279ce |
India (850ce-1279ce), Thailand, Indonesia (925ce-1279ce), Sri Lanka (996ce-1279ce), Maldives (1014ce-1279ce), Bangladesh (1016ce-1279ce), Singapore, Malaysia (1023ce-1279ce) |
|
Saffarid Dynasty
|
861ce |
1003ce |
Tajikistan, China, Pakistan, India, Iraq, Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan (861ce-1003ce) |
|
Kievan Rus
|
882ce |
1240ce |
Russia, Lithuania, Belarus, Estonia, Ukraine, Latvia (882ce-1240ce) |
|
Liao Dynasty
|
907ce |
1125ce |
Kazakhstan, Mongolia, North Korea, China, Russia (907ce-1125ce) |
|
Fatimid Caliphate
|
909ce |
1171ce |
Tunisia, Libya, Algeria (909ce-1100ce), Morocco (920ce-987ce), Israel, Egypt, Malta, Saudi Arabia, Jordan (969ce-1171ce), Lebanon, Italy, Syria (969ce-1100ce) |
|
Goryeo
|
918ce |
1392ce |
South Korea, North Korea (918ce-1392ce) |
|
Caliphate of Córdoba
|
929ce |
1031ce |
Gibraltar, Spain, Andorra, Portugal, Morocco (929ce-1031ce) |
|
Buyid Dynasty
|
945ce |
1055ce |
Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, Turkey (945ce-1055ce), Oman (977ce-1055ce) |
|
Tui Tonga Empire
|
950ce |
1865ce |
Tonga, Tuvalu, Solomon Islands, Niue, Nauru, Cook Islands, Fiji, Samoa (950ce-1865ce) |
|
KaraKhanid Khanate
|
955ce |
1212ce |
Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan, China, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan (955ce-1212ce) |
|
Song Dynasty
|
960ce |
1279ce |
China, Hong Kong (960ce-1279ce) |
|
Ghaznavid Dynasty
|
977ce |
1186ce |
Pakistan, India, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan (977ce-1186ce) |
|
Scandinavian Empire
|
1016ce |
1035ce |
Sweden, Norway, Denmark, United Kingdom (1016ce-1035ce) |
|
Great Seljuq Empire
|
1037ce |
1194ce |
Syria, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Georgia, Russia, Jordan, Turkey, Egypt, Oman, Israel, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Lebanon, Yemen, Iraq, Tajikistan, Armenia, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Iran (1037ce-1194ce) |
|
Western Xia Dynasty
|
1038ce |
1227ce |
Mongolia, China (1038ce-1227ce) |
|
Almoravid Dynasty
|
1040ce |
1147ce |
Mauritania, Western Sahara, Portugal, Algeria, Gibraltar (1040ce-1147ce), Spain, Morocco (1056ce-1147ce) |
|
Uyunid dynasty
|
1076ce |
1253ce |
Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Saudi Arabia (1076ce-1253ce) |
|
Khwarezmid Dynasty
|
1077ce |
1231ce |
Georgia, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Pakistan, Armenia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan (1077ce-1231ce) |
|
Mossi Empire
|
1100ce |
1896ce |
Burkina Faso, Ghana (1100ce-1896ce) |
|
Kara-Khitan Khanate
|
1124ce |
1218ce |
Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan, China, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Mongolia, Russia (1124ce-1218ce) |
|
Almohad Dynasty
|
1130ce |
1269ce |
Algeria, Morocco (1130ce-1269ce), Gibraltar, Spain (1145ce-1269ce), Portugal (1148ce-1269ce), Libya, Tunisia, Western Sahara (1152ce-1269ce) |
|
Ethiopian Empire
|
1137ce |
1974ce |
Ethiopia, Eritrea (1137ce-1974ce) |
|
Ghurid Dynasty
|
1150ce |
1215ce |
Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran, India, Afghanistan (1150ce-1215ce) |
|
Plantagenet Empire
|
1154ce |
1204ce |
France, United Kingdom (1154ce-1204ce), Ireland (1166ce-1204ce) |
|
Ayyubid Dynasty
|
1171ce |
1260ce |
Jordan, Tunisia, Syria, Israel, Yemen, Palestine, Iraq, Sudan, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon (1171ce-1260ce), Egypt (1171ce-1250ce), Turkey (1179ce-1260ce) |
|
Second Bulgarian Empire
|
1185ce |
1396ce |
Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova (1185ce-1396ce), Turkey, North Macedonia, Greece (1230ce-1396ce), Albania (1230ce-1240ce) |
|
Empire of Trebizond
|
1204ce |
1461ce |
Turkey, Georgia, Ukraine (1204ce-1461ce) |
|
Latin Empire
|
1204ce |
1261ce |
Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria (1204ce-1261ce) |
|
Delhi Sultanate
|
1206ce |
1526ce |
Nepal, India (1206ce-1526ce), Bangladesh (1206ce-1316ce) |
|
Mongol Empire
|
1206ce |
1368ce |
China, Russia, Mongolia (1206ce-1294ce), Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, North Korea (1219ce-1294ce), Uzbekistan (1220ce-1368ce), Turkmenistan (1223ce-1294ce), Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India (1227ce-1294ce), Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia (1237ce-1294ce), Croatia (1241ce-1368ce), Czech Republic, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland, Hungary, Lithuania, Bulgaria (1258ce-1368ce), Syria, Iraq, Bangladesh (1259ce-1294ce), South Korea (1259ce-1259ce), Thailand, Ukraine, Belarus, Turkey, Laos, Romania, Myanmar, Vietnam, Moldova (1279ce-1294ce) |
|
Danish Colonial Empire
|
1219ce |
1953ce |
Denmark (1219ce-1953ce), Estonia (1219ce-1227ce), Iceland (1380ce-1944ce), Norway (1380ce-1814ce), Sweden (1398ce-1523ce), India (1620ce-1825ce), Ghana (1658ce-1850ce), United States (1754ce-1917ce) |
|
Mali Empire
|
1235ce |
1650ce |
Mali, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania (1235ce-1650ce), Senegal (1235ce-1600ce), Niger (1235ce-1500ce) |
|
Ajuran Sultanate
|
1250ce |
1650ce |
Somalia, Ethiopia (1250ce-1650ce) |
|
Mamluk Sultanate
|
1250ce |
1517ce |
Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Turkey, Israel, Syria, Egypt, Libya (1250ce-1517ce), Lebanon (1287ce-1517ce) |
|
Angevin Empire
|
1266ce |
1435ce |
Italy, France (1266ce-1435ce), Albania (1277ce-1368ce), Greece (1350ce-1435ce) |
|
Yuan Dynasty
|
1271ce |
1368ce |
China, South Korea, Russia, Mongolia (1271ce-1368ce), Myanmar (1277ce-1368ce), Bhutan, Laos (1280ce-1368ce), North Korea (1295ce-1368ce) |
|
Ifat Sultanate
|
1285ce |
1415ce |
Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti (1285ce-1415ce) |
|
Khilji Dynasty
|
1290ce |
1320ce |
Pakistan, Afghanistan, India (1290ce-1320ce) |
|
Majapahit Empire
|
1293ce |
1527ce |
Indonesia, Malaysia (1293ce-1527ce) |
|
Golden Horde
|
1294ce |
1502ce |
Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Russia, Belarus, Romania, Moldova (1295ce-1502ce), Turkmenistan, Bulgaria, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan (1295ce-1456ce) |
|
Chagatai Khanate
|
1295ce |
1363ce |
Kazakhstan (1227ce-1363ce), Pakistan, India, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Mongolia, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, China (1295ce-1363ce) |
|
Ilkhanate
|
1295ce |
1335ce |
Pakistan, Armenia, Turkey, Iraq, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Tajikistan, Georgia, Syria, Azerbaijan (1295ce-1335ce) |
|
Ottoman Empire
|
1299ce |
1922ce |
Turkey (1299ce-1922ce), Greece (1389ce-1922ce), Bulgaria (1389ce-1913ce), North Macedonia (1391ce-1922ce), Albania (1417ce-1912ce), Serbia (1451ce-1922ce), Montenegro (1477ce-1799ce), Georgia, Ukraine (1481ce-1922ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1481ce-1908ce), Russia (1481ce-1815ce), Croatia (1481ce-1700ce), Syria, Israel, Lebanon, Palestine (1516ce-1922ce), Jordan, Azerbaijan (1516ce-1920ce), Armenia (1517ce-1918ce), Egypt (1517ce-1914ce), Djibouti, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Morocco (1520ce-1922ce), Libya (1521ce-1912ce), Iraq (1534ce-1919ce), Kuwait (1534ce-1914ce), Algeria (1536ce-1900ce), Yemen (1538ce-1839ce), Oman (1539ce-1829ce), Romania (1541ce-1877ce), Moldova (1541ce-1812ce), Hungary (1541ce-1699ce), Qatar (1550ce-1670ce), Eritrea (1557ce-1882ce), Cyprus (1570ce-1914ce), Tunisia (1574ce-1881ce), Iran (1585ce-1603ce), United Arab Emirates (1683ce-1922ce), Somalia (1683ce-1912ce), Sudan (1821ce-1885ce) |
|
Oyo Empire
|
1300ce |
1800ce |
Benin, Nigeria, Togo (1300ce-1800ce) |
|
Serbian Empire
|
1346ce |
1371ce |
Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Greece, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Albania, Croatia (1346ce-1371ce) |
|
Bruneian Empire
|
1368ce |
1888ce |
Brunei (1368ce-1888ce), Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines (1550ce-1888ce) |
|
Ming Dynasty
|
1368ce |
1644ce |
China, Laos, Vietnam (1368ce-1644ce), Russia, North Korea (1500ce-1644ce) |
|
Northern Yuan Dynasty
|
1368ce |
1635ce |
Mongolia, China, Russia, Kazakhstan (1368ce-1635ce) |
|
Timurid Empire
|
1370ce |
1507ce |
Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan (1370ce-1507ce), Iran (1379ce-1405ce), Pakistan, China, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, India, Syria, Azerbaijan, Iraq, Russia, Armenia, Turkey (1406ce-1507ce) |
|
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
|
1385ce |
1795ce |
Poland (1385ce-1795ce), Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Latvia (1569ce-1795ce) |
|
Borno Empire
|
1387ce |
1893ce |
Nigeria (1387ce-1893ce), Niger, Cameroon (1500ce-1893ce), Chad (1580ce-1893ce) |
|
Joseon Empire
|
1392ce |
1910ce |
South Korea, North Korea (1392ce-1910ce) |
|
Portuguese Empire
|
1415ce |
2002ce |
Portugal (1415ce-2002ce), Morocco (1415ce-1769ce), Ghana (1482ce-1642ce), Cape Verde (1495ce-1975ce), Mozambique (1498ce-1975ce), Brazil (1500ce-1822ce), India (1503ce-1962ce), Macau (1557ce-1999ce), Maldives (1558ce-1573ce), Angola (1575ce-1975ce), Sri Lanka (1597ce-1658ce) |
|
Later Lê dynasty
|
1428ce |
1788ce |
Vietnam, Laos (1428ce-1788ce) |
|
Inca Empire Tawantinsuyo
|
1438ce |
1533ce |
Peru (1438ce-1533ce), Ecuador (1471ce-1533ce), Argentina, Bolivia, Chile (1494ce-1533ce), Colombia (1525ce-1533ce) |
|
Spanish Empire
|
1462ce |
1975ce |
Spain (1462ce-1975ce), Gibraltar (1462ce-1704ce), Cuba (1492ce-1899ce), Dominican Republic (1492ce-1865ce), Haiti (1492ce-1625ce), Bahamas (1492ce-1565ce), Puerto Rico (1493ce-1897ce), Jamaica (1494ce-1670ce), Venezuela (1498ce-1830ce), Aruba (1499ce-1636ce), Uruguay (1500ce-1817ce), Honduras (1502ce-1824ce), Panama, Costa Rica (1502ce-1821ce), Colombia (1509ce-1819ce), Algeria (1510ce-1541ce), United States (1511ce-1898ce), Mexico (1518ce-1823ce), Philippines (1521ce-1946ce), Trinidad and Tobago (1521ce-1731ce), Nicaragua (1522ce-1821ce), Guatemala, El Salvador (1524ce-1821ce), Belize (1524ce-1798ce), Peru (1532ce-1821ce), Bolivia (1532ce-1809ce), Ecuador (1534ce-1835ce), Paraguay (1534ce-1811ce), Argentina (1536ce-1832ce), Chile (1541ce-1824ce), Guam (1565ce-1817ce), Angola (1580ce-1640ce), Suriname (1593ce-1629ce), Palau (1710ce-1899ce), Equatorial Guinea (1778ce-1968ce), Western Sahara (1884ce-1975ce), Morocco (1912ce-1956ce) |
|
Songhai Empire
|
1464ce |
1591ce |
Benin, Senegal, Nigeria, Mali, Niger, Guinea, Mauritania, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau (1464ce-1591ce) |
|
Shibanid Empire
|
1500ce |
1598ce |
Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan (1500ce-1598ce) |
|
Safavid Dynasty
|
1501ce |
1736ce |
Russia, Georgia, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Kuwait, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Iran (1501ce-1736ce) |
|
Mughal Empire
|
1504ce |
1858ce |
Afghanistan (1504ce-1747ce), India (1526ce-1858ce), Pakistan (1526ce-1750ce), Bangladesh (1576ce-1765ce) |
|
Aceh Sultanate
|
1528ce |
1903ce |
Brunei, Indonesia (1528ce-1903ce) |
|
Johor-Riau Empire
|
1528ce |
1855ce |
Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia (1528ce-1855ce) |
|
French colonial empires
|
1534ce |
2007ce |
France (1534ce-2007ce), Canada (1534ce-1763ce), Saint Kitts and Nevis (1624ce-1783ce), Haiti (1627ce-1804ce), United States (1660ce-1803ce), Senegal (1677ce-1960ce), India (1692ce-1954ce), Mauritius (1721ce-1810ce), Seychelles (1756ce-1810ce), Dominican Republic (1795ce-1809ce), Malta (1798ce-1798ce), Algeria (1830ce-1962ce), Gabon (1839ce-1960ce), Cote d'Ivoire (1843ce-1960ce), China (1849ce-1949ce), New Caledonia (1853ce-1999ce), Vietnam (1858ce-1954ce), Djibouti (1862ce-1977ce), Cambodia (1863ce-1953ce), Comoros (1866ce-1975ce), Congo (1875ce-1960ce), Mali (1880ce-1960ce), Tunisia (1881ce-1957ce), Vanuatu (1887ce-1980ce), Guinea, Central African Republic (1891ce-1958ce), Laos (1893ce-1953ce), Madagascar, Burkina Faso (1896ce-1960ce), Chad (1900ce-1960ce), Mauritania (1902ce-1960ce), Benin (1904ce-1958ce), Morocco (1912ce-1956ce), Cameroon (1914ce-1960ce), Togo (1916ce-1960ce), Syria (1920ce-1946ce), Lebanon (1920ce-1943ce), Niger (1922ce-1958ce), Libya (1943ce-1951ce) |
|
Kaabu Empire
|
1537ce |
1867ce |
Guinea-Bissau, Senegal (1537ce-1867ce) |
|
Maravi Empire
|
1575ce |
1750ce |
Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique (1575ce-1750ce) |
|
British Empire
|
1583ce |
2002ce |
United Kingdom (1583ce-1997ce), United States (1607ce-1776ce), Bermuda (1612ce-1997ce), Saint Kitts and Nevis (1623ce-1983ce), Barbados (1624ce-1966ce), Haiti (1631ce-1659ce), Antigua and Barbuda (1632ce-1981ce), Jamaica (1655ce-1962ce), Gambia (1664ce-1965ce), Belize (1665ce-1981ce), India (1665ce-1947ce), Bahamas (1666ce-1973ce), Canada (1668ce-1867ce), Cayman Islands (1670ce-2002ce), Gibraltar (1704ce-2002ce), Pakistan (1748ce-1947ce), Grenada (1762ce-1974ce), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1763ce-1979ce), Bangladesh (1765ce-1971ce), Falkland Islands (1766ce-2002ce), Samoa (1768ce-1962ce), Turkmenistan (1783ce-1997ce), Sierra Leone (1787ce-1961ce), Australia (1788ce-1901ce), Seychelles (1794ce-1976ce), Sri Lanka (1795ce-1948ce), Maldives (1796ce-1965ce), Namibia (1797ce-1990ce), South Africa (1797ce-1910ce), Oman (1798ce-1971ce), Malta (1800ce-1964ce), Ireland (1801ce-1919ce), Trinidad and Tobago (1802ce-1962ce), Argentina (1806ce-1825ce), Mauritius (1810ce-1968ce), Guyana, French Guiana (1814ce-1966ce), Malaysia (1819ce-1957ce), Ghana (1821ce-1957ce), Singapore (1824ce-1963ce), Myanmar (1824ce-1948ce), Yemen (1839ce-1967ce), Afghanistan (1839ce-1919ce), New Zealand (1840ce-1907ce), Hong Kong (1841ce-1997ce), Nigeria (1861ce-1960ce), Bhutan (1865ce-1935ce), Lesotho (1868ce-1966ce), Fiji (1874ce-1970ce), Bahrain (1880ce-1971ce), Papua New Guinea (1884ce-1906ce), Botswana (1885ce-1966ce), Somalia (1887ce-1960ce), Brunei (1888ce-1984ce), Kenya (1888ce-1963ce), Malawi (1889ce-1964ce), Uganda (1890ce-1962ce), United Arab Emirates (1892ce-1971ce), Solomon Islands (1893ce-1978ce), Kuwait (1899ce-1961ce), Sudan, South Sudan (1899ce-1956ce), Tonga (1900ce-1970ce), Swaziland (1903ce-1968ce), Nauru (1914ce-1968ce), Cameroon (1914ce-1961ce), Cyprus (1914ce-1960ce), Egypt (1914ce-1922ce), Kiribati (1916ce-1979ce), Qatar (1916ce-1971ce), Togo (1916ce-1956ce), Tanzania (1919ce-1961ce), Israel (1920ce-1948ce), Iraq (1920ce-1932ce), Zimbabwe (1923ce-1980ce), Zambia (1924ce-1964ce), Eritrea (1941ce-1993ce) |
|
Dutch Empire
|
1602ce |
1975ce |
Netherlands (1598ce-1975ce), Ghana (1598ce-1872ce), Indonesia (1602ce-1962ce), United States (1614ce-1664ce), Guyana (1630ce-1815ce), Brazil (1630ce-1654ce), Aruba (1636ce-1973ce), Mauritius (1638ce-1710ce), Sri Lanka (1639ce-1795ce), Singapore (1641ce-1825ce), Angola (1641ce-1648ce), Maldives (1645ce-1796ce), Malaysia (1650ce-1824ce), South Africa (1652ce-1814ce), India (1654ce-1825ce), Suriname (1667ce-1975ce) |
|
Swedish Empire
|
1611ce |
1721ce |
Estonia, Finland, Russia, Sweden (1611ce-1721ce), Latvia (1629ce-1721ce), Denmark (1645ce-1721ce), Germany, United Kingdom, United States, Togo, Ghana, Poland (1648ce-1721ce), Norway (1658ce-1719ce) |
|
Qing Dynasty
|
1637ce |
1912ce |
South Korea (1637ce-1895ce), Bhutan, North Korea, Pakistan, China, Kazakhstan, Vietnam, India, Afghanistan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Myanmar, Russia (1644ce-1912ce) |
|
Omani Empire
|
1650ce |
1970ce |
Oman (1650ce-1970ce), Pakistan (1650ce-1958ce), Somalia, Mozambique, Tanzania, Kenya (1650ce-1856ce), United Arab Emirates, Yemen (1650ce-1820ce) |
|
Maratha Empire
|
1674ce |
1818ce |
India, Pakistan (1674ce-1818ce) |
|
Hotaki Dynasty
|
1709ce |
1738ce |
Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan (1709ce-1738ce) |
|
Kong Empire
|
1710ce |
1898ce |
Cote d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso (1710ce-1898ce) |
|
Russian Empire Romanov
|
1721ce |
1917ce |
Sweden, Tajikistan, Estonia, Uzbekistan, Latvia, Russia, Mongolia, Ukraine, Finland, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Moldova, China, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Belarus, Kazakhstan (1721ce-1917ce), Lithuania (1772ce-1917ce), Poland, Romania (1801ce-1917ce), Georgia (1812ce-1917ce), Iran (1826ce-1917ce), Kyrgyz Republic (1864ce-1917ce) |
|
Afsharid Dynasty
|
1736ce |
1796ce |
Iran, Afghanistan, Kuwait, Tajikistan, Bahrain, Armenia, Iraq, United Arab Emirates, Pakistan (1736ce-1796ce), India (1738ce-1796ce), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (1740ce-1796ce), Turkey, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan (1741ce-1796ce), Oman, Georgia (1742ce-1796ce), Russia (1743ce-1796ce) |
|
Durrani Empire
|
1747ce |
1818ce |
Afghanistan (1747ce-1818ce), Iran (1747ce-1800ce), Pakistan (1749ce-1818ce), India (1757ce-1800ce) |
|
Zand Dynasty
|
1750ce |
1794ce |
Russia, Armenia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, Azerbaijan (1750ce-1794ce) |
|
Futa Toro
|
1776ce |
1871ce |
Senegal, Mauritania (1776ce-1871ce) |
|
Kingdom of Siam
|
1782ce |
1932ce |
Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia (1782ce-1932ce) |
|
Qajar Dynasty
|
1789ce |
1925ce |
Afghanistan, Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, Bahrain, Iraq (1789ce-1925ce), Georgia, Armenia (1794ce-1828ce), Russia, Azerbaijan (1794ce-1813ce) |
|
Sikh Empire
|
1799ce |
1849ce |
China, India, Pakistan (1799ce-1849ce) |
|
Lozi Empire
|
1800ce |
1890ce |
Botswana, Angola, Zambia, Namibia (1800ce-1890ce) |
|
Nguyen Dynasty
|
1802ce |
1945ce |
Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, China (1802ce-1945ce) |
|
Fulani Empire (Sokoto)
|
1804ce |
1903ce |
Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon (1804ce-1903ce) |
|
Austrian Empire
|
1804ce |
1867ce |
Slovak Republic, Germany, Romania, Poland, Czech Republic, Italy, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Austria, Ukraine (1804ce-1867ce), Slovenia (1813ce-1867ce), Croatia (1814ce-1867ce), Albania (1816ce-1818ce) |
|
First Mexican Empire
|
1821ce |
1823ce |
Nicaragua, Belize, Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador, United States (1821ce-1823ce), Guatemala, Costa Rica (1822ce-1823ce) |
|
Empire of Brazil
|
1822ce |
1889ce |
Uruguay, Brazil (1822ce-1889ce) |
|
Belgian Colonial Empire
|
1843ce |
1962ce |
Belgium (1843ce-1960ce), Guatemala (1843ce-1854ce), Democratic Republic of the Congo (1885ce-1960ce), China (1900ce-1931ce), Tanzania (1916ce-1919ce), Italy (1919ce-1920ce), Rwanda, Burundi (1922ce-1962ce) |
|
AustroHungarian Empire
|
1867ce |
1918ce |
Germany, Serbia, Ukraine, Poland, Czech Republic, Montenegro, Romania, Italy, Liechtenstein, Hungary, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, France, Slovak Republic (1867ce-1918ce), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1908ce-1918ce) |
|
Empire of Japan
|
1868ce |
1947ce |
Japan (1868ce-1947ce), Russia, North Korea, South Korea, China (1905ce-1945ce), Vietnam, Laos (1940ce-1945ce), Singapore, Palau, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Philippines, Myanmar, Indonesia, Cambodia, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea (1942ce-1945ce) |
|
Italian Colonial Empire
|
1869ce |
1947ce |
Italy (1869ce-1943ce), Eritrea (1885ce-1941ce), Somalia (1889ce-1941ce), Libya, Greece (1912ce-1947ce), Ethiopia (1936ce-1941ce), Albania (1939ce-1947ce) |
|
German Empire
|
1871ce |
1918ce |
Germany, Czech Republic, Lithuania, Belgium, Netherlands, France, Denmark, Russia, Poland (1871ce-1918ce), Palau, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Namibia, Papua New Guinea, Samoa (1884ce-1918ce), Cameroon (1884ce-1916ce), Solomon Islands (1885ce-1899ce), Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi (1890ce-1918ce), Togo (1905ce-1914ce) |
|
Korean Empire
|
1897ce |
1910ce |
South Korea, North Korea (1897ce-1910ce) |
|
Third Reich
|
1933ce |
1945ce |
Germany (1933ce-1945ce), Czech Republic, Slovenia, Austria (1938ce-1945ce), Poland, Lithuania (1939ce-1945ce), Romania, Belgium, France, Hungary, Netherlands (1940ce-1945ce), Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, Russia (1941ce-1945ce) |